Seizures - An easy-to-understand guide for patients

Dr. Karuturi Subrahmanyam
Jun 12
3 min read

Updated: Jun 14

Seizures can be frightening, but with the right knowledge and care, they can be managed effectively. A seizure happens when there is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. It can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, or consciousness.

🔍 What Causes Seizures?

Seizures can occur due to many reasons. Some common causes include:

Epilepsy (a medical condition causing repeated seizures)
Head injury or trauma
Brain infections (like meningitis or encephalitis)
High fever (especially in children – called febrile seizures)
Stroke or brain tumor
Low blood sugar (especially in diabetics)
Alcohol or drug abuse
Genetic or metabolic disorders
Lack of sleep, extreme stress, or flashing lights (in some cases)

Sometimes, the exact cause remains unknown.

⚠️ Symptoms of a Seizure

Seizure symptoms vary based on the type of seizure. They may last from a few seconds to a few minutes.

Common signs include:

Sudden shaking or jerking of the body
Stiffening of muscles
Loss of consciousness
Staring blankly
Confusion or unresponsiveness
Biting tongue or frothing from mouth
Losing bladder control (in some cases)

After a seizure, the person may feel tired, confused, or sleepy.

🧪 How Are Seizures Diagnosed?

Doctors may recommend:

Medical History & Symptom Review

To know what happened during the seizure and if there is a family history.
EEG (Electroencephalogram)

A test that records brain wave activity.
MRI or CT Scan

To look for any brain abnormalities like tumors or injuries.
Blood Tests

To check for infections, sugar levels, or other metabolic issues.

Sometimes, repeated tests may be needed for an accurate diagnosis.

💊 Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the cause and type of seizure.

Anti-Seizure Medications (AEDs):

These help control seizures in most people if taken regularly.
Surgery:

For people whose seizures do not improve with medicines and who have a specific brain area causing seizures.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS):

A device implanted to control seizures using electrical impulses.
Lifestyle Management:

Sleep, stress control, and medication adherence are critical.

🌿 Natural and Home Remedies (Supportive Care)

Natural remedies can support brain health and reduce seizure triggers but should never replace medical treatment.

Adequate Sleep:

Poor sleep increases seizure risk. Aim for 7–8 hours daily.
Stress Reduction:

Practice yoga, meditation, or breathing exercises regularly.
Stay Hydrated:

Drink enough water daily to maintain balance.
Avoid Triggering Lights or Sounds:

If sensitive to flashing lights, avoid screens or loud environments.
Eat a Balanced Diet:

Include leafy greens, nuts, fruits, and whole grains.
Ketogenic Diet (in select cases):

This high-fat, low-carb diet may help some epilepsy patients — especially children. Only follow under medical supervision.
Magnesium & Vitamin B6-Rich Foods:

Deficiencies may contribute to seizures. Eat foods like bananas, spinach, fish, and whole grains.

❌ What to Avoid

Alcohol and recreational drugs
Skipping medicines or stopping them suddenly
Extreme tiredness or fasting
Overexertion and emotional stress
Self-treatment without a doctor’s advice

📌 When to See a Doctor Immediately

First-time seizure
Seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes
Difficulty breathing or waking up
Injuries during seizure
Repeated seizures without recovery in between

Summary

Seizures can be well-managed with proper medical care, lifestyle changes, and support. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve quality of life. Always work closely with your doctor and never rely on home remedies alone for seizure control.

Let’s break the myths and treat seizures with science, care, and compassion.

Dr. Karuturi Subrahmanyam, MD, FRCP (London), FACP (USA)

Internal Medicine Specialist

Kify Hospital

Danavaipeta

Rajahmundry

Phone : 85000 23456