Understanding Typhoid: A Patient’s Guide

What is Typhoid?

Typhoid fever is a serious bacterial infection caused by Salmonella typhi. It spreads through contaminated food or water and is common in areas with poor sanitation. If not treated, typhoid can lead to serious complications.

How Does Typhoid Spread?

Typhoid spreads through:

• Drinking water or eating food contaminated with feces from an infected person

• Poor hand hygiene after using the toilet or before eating

• Close contact with a person who carries the bacteria

  
  
  
  

Symptoms of Typhoid

Symptoms usually develop 1–3 weeks after exposure and may include:

• Persistent high fever (up to 104°F or 40°C)

• Weakness and fatigue

• Headache

• Loss of appetite

• Abdominal pain

• Constipation or diarrhea

• Skin rash with flat, rose-colored spots

If untreated, it can lead to intestinal bleeding, perforation, or spread to other organs.

How is Typhoid Diagnosed?

Doctors diagnose typhoid through:

• Blood tests, including blood culture

• Stool or urine tests to detect the bacteria

• Widal test, though less accurate, may be used in some areas

Treatment of Typhoid

• Antibiotics: Key to treating typhoid; full course must be completed

• Fluids: To prevent dehydration

• Rest: Essential during recovery

  
  

  In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

  
  
  
  

Prevention Tips

• Drink safe water: Use filtered or boiled water

• Eat hygienic food: Avoid street food and raw vegetables in high-risk areas

• Wash hands: Before eating and after using the toilet

• Vaccination: Recommended for travelers and people in typhoid-prone areas

When to See a Doctor

Consult Doctor if you have persistent fever, severe abdominal pain, or symptoms after recent travel to high-risk areas. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

Summary

Typhoid is preventable and treatable. With proper hygiene, clean water, and prompt medical care, the risk of complications is greatly reduced. If you suspect typhoid, consult your doctor immediately.

Dr. Karuturi Subrahmanyam, MD, FRCP (London), FACP (USA)

Internal Medicine Specialist

Kify Hospital

Danavaipeta

Rajahmundry

Phone : 85000 23456

www.KifyHospital.com